LeetCode-面试题09-用两个栈实现队列
题目
用两个栈实现一个队列。队列的声明如下,请实现它的两个函数 appendTail
和 deleteHead
,分别完成在队列尾部插入整数和在队列头部删除整数的功能。(若队列中没有元素,deleteHead
操作返回 -1 )
示例1
输入:
["CQueue","appendTail","deleteHead","deleteHead"]
[[],[3],[],[]]
输出:[null,null,3,-1]
示例2
输入:
["CQueue","deleteHead","appendTail","appendTail","deleteHead","deleteHead"]
[[],[],[5],[2],[],[]]
输出:[null,-1,null,null,5,2]
提示:
1 <= values <= 10000
最多会对 appendTail、deleteHead 进行 10000 次调用
解题思路
首先,栈的特点是先进后出,队列的特点是先进先出。对于一批输入的数字,如5,2。我们保存在栈内5在栈底,2在栈顶,直接不能输出5,可以利用另外一个栈stack2将stack1的数据复制出去,当stack1不为空时就弹出复制到stack2,为2,5,此时栈顶为5,当stack2不为空时,不断弹出栈顶即可模拟先进先出。当stack2为空是,输出-1
Java代码
java
class CQueue {
Deque<Integer> stack1;
Deque<Integer> stack2;
public CQueue() {
stack1 = new LinkedList<>();
stack2 = new LinkedList<>();
}
public void appendTail(int value) {
stack1.push(value);
}
public int deleteHead() {
while(stack1.size()>0){
stack2.addLast(stack1.removeLast());
return stack2.removeLast();
}
if(stack2.size()==0){
return -1;
}
return stack2.removeLast();
}
}
/**
* Your CQueue object will be instantiated and called as such:
* CQueue obj = new CQueue();
* obj.appendTail(value);
* int param_2 = obj.deleteHead();
*/
Python代码
python
class CQueue(object):
def __init__(self):
self.stack1,self.stack2 = [],[]
def appendTail(self, value):
"""
:type value: int
:rtype: None
"""
self.stack1.append(value)
def deleteHead(self):
"""
:rtype: int
"""
if self.stack2: return self.stack2.pop()
if not self.stack1: return -1
while self.stack1:
self.stack2.append(self.stack1.pop())
return self.stack2.pop()
# Your CQueue object will be instantiated and called as such:
# obj = CQueue()
# obj.appendTail(value)
# param_2 = obj.deleteHead()